System-Independent Irradiance Sensorless ANN-Based MPPT for Photovoltaic Systems in Electric Vehicles

The integration of photovoltaic systems (PVS) in electric vehicles (EV) increases the vehicle’s autonomy by providing an additional energy source other than battery. However, current solar cell technology generates around 200 W for a 1.4 m2 panel (to be installed on roof EV) at stable irradiance conditions. This limitation production and sudden changes produced shadows clouds, buildings, structures make developing fast efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique this area necessary. article proposes artificial neural network (ANN)-based MPPT, called DS-ANN, that uses manufacturer datasheet parameters as inputs to address problem. Bayesian backpropagation-regularization performs training, ensuring MPPT operates satisfactorily different PVS without retraining. We simulated response 20 commercial modules against actual data validate proposed method. results show our method achieves average efficiency 99.66%, improving 1.21% over enhanced P&O